| Sensor technology |
Low-light CMOS image sensor |
Converts incoming light into a digital image with fast readout and electronic control. |
Provides a responsive live view without the consumable materials used by film-based systems. |
| Common active resolution |
1920 × 1080 to 4096 × 2160 pixels |
Higher pixel counts preserve more fine detail when the image is displayed or digitally enlarged. |
Supports accurate inspection of edges, textures, markings, and small components. |
| Typical pixel size |
Approximately 2.2–6.5 μm |
Larger pixels generally collect more photons per pixel, while smaller pixels can support higher spatial sampling. |
Offers a balance between low-light sensitivity and image detail when matched with suitable optics. |
| Frame rate |
Approximately 30–120 frames per second, depending on resolution and exposure |
Higher frame rates reduce apparent motion delay during live viewing. |
Makes it easier to follow moving objects, adjust focus, and position the scope precisely. |
| Exposure control |
Electronic exposure adjustment from sub-millisecond values to roughly 100 ms or more, system dependent |
Longer exposure collects more light, while shorter exposure helps reduce motion blur. |
Allows the same scope to adapt to both dim stationary scenes and brighter moving scenes. |
| Dynamic range |
Commonly specified around 60–80 dB for imaging systems, depending on sensor mode |
A wider dynamic range helps retain information in both darker and brighter parts of a scene. |
Reduces the need to repeatedly change settings when contrast varies across the viewing area. |
| Visible-light response |
Approximately 400–700 nm for visible-light imaging |
This range covers the wavelengths detected by the human eye under normal viewing conditions. |
Supports natural-color observation when the optical filter and illumination are properly matched. |
| Near-infrared compatibility |
Some CMOS configurations extend sensitivity beyond 700 nm, subject to sensor and filter design |
Near-infrared illumination can improve visibility in some low-light applications without adding visible light. |
Provides additional flexibility for nighttime, security, scientific, and industrial observation. |
| Digital magnification |
Often adjustable in software; useful magnification is limited by optical resolution and sensor sampling |
Digital enlargement increases image size but cannot recreate detail that was not captured optically. |
Enables quick inspection of a selected area while keeping the full scene available for reference. |
| Image enhancement |
Common functions include gain control, noise reduction, contrast adjustment, and gamma correction |
Processing can improve visual separation between low-contrast features and background noise. |
Improves operator comfort and helps maintain a usable image during long observation periods. |
| Recording and documentation |
Still images and video can be saved in common digital formats, depending on system configuration |
Digital records support later review, measurement, reporting, and comparison over time. |
Reduces the need to rely on memory or handwritten descriptions of observed details. |